Let the Browser Work for You

• required for must-fill inputs
• pattern for custom rules
• type="email" and type="tel" for context-aware keyboards
• maxlength to stop giant spam input

Example:

<input type="email"
       required
       pattern=".+@.+..+"
       autocomplete="email">

Better Focus & Error Messages

Use :invalid and :focus-visible to guide users visually.

ARIA for Screen Readers

Connect field instructions using:

aria-describedBy="hint-email"

Accessibility and UX boost conversions and trust.